Release 8.0
A54638-01
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| Oracle8(TM) Server Tuning Release 8.0 A54638-01 |
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The Oracle8 Server is highly tunable. You can enhance database performance by adjusting database applications, the database itself, and the operating system. Making such adjustments is known as tuning. Proper tuning of Oracle provides the best possible database performance for your specific application and hardware configuration.
This manual is an aid for those who are responsible for the operation, maintenance, and performance of an Oracle Server. To use this book, you could be a database administrator, application designer, or programmer. You should be familiar with Oracle8, the operating system, and application design before reading this manual.
This manual assumes you have already read Oracle8 Server Concepts, the Oracle8 Server Application Developer's Guide, and Oracle8 Server Administrator's Guide.
For more information about Oracle Enterprise Manager and its optional applications, please see the following publications:
Oracle Enterprise Manager Concepts Guide
Oracle Enterprise Manager Administrator's Guide
Oracle Enterprise Manager Application Developer's Guide
Oracle Enterprise Manager: Introducing Oracle Expert
Oracle Enterprise Manager: Oracle Expert User's Guide
Oracle Enterprise Manager Performance Monitoring User's Guide. This manual describes how to use Oracle TopSessions, Oracle Monitor, and Oracle Tablespace Manager.
This manual is divided into the chapters described below.
Chapter 1: Introduction to Oracle Performance Tuning
This chapter provides an overview of tuning issues. It defines performance tuning and the roles of individuals involved in the process.
Chapter 2: Performance Tuning Method
This chapter outlines the prioritized steps of the recommended tuning method, and explains how to apply the method.
Chapter 3: Diagnosing Performance Problems in an Existing System
This chapter provides an overview of performance factors in existing systems which have been properly designed.
Chapter 4: Overview of Diagnostic Tools
This chapter introduces the full range of diagnostic tools that are available for
monitoring production systems and determining performance problems.
Chapter 5: Evaluating Your System's Performance Characteristics
This chapter describes the various types of application that use Oracle databases and the suggested approaches and features available when designing each.
Chapter 6: Designing Data Warehouse Applications
This chapter introduces integrated Oracle8 features for tuning enterprise scale
data warehouses.
Chapter 7: Tuning Database Operations
This chapter explains the fundamentals of tuning database operations.
Chapter 8: Optimization Modes and Hints
This chapter explains when to use the available optimization modes and how
to use hints to enhance Oracle performance.
Chapter 9: Tuning Distributed Queries
This chapter provides guidelines for tuning distributed queries.
Chapter 10: Data Access Methods
This chapter provides an overview of data access methods that can enhance performance, and warns of situations to avoid.
This chapter describes the different methods in which read consistency is performed.
This chapter explains the use of shared SQL to improve performance.
This chapter describes how to identify and solve problems with CPU resources.
This chapter explains how to allocate memory to database structures. Proper sizing of these structures can greatly improve database performance.
This chapter explains how to avoid I/O bottlenecks that could prevent Oracle from performing at its maximum potential.
This chapter introduces networking issues which affect tuning, and points to the use of array interfaces, out-of-band breaks, and other techniques.
This chapter explains how to tune the operating system for optimal performance of the Oracle Server.
This chapter explains how to detect and reduce contention that may affect performance.
This chapter explains how to use parallel execution features for improved performance. It also provides detailed information to help you diagnose and solve parallel execution tuning problems.
This chapter describes views which are of the greatest use for both performance tuning and ad hoc investigation
This chapter shows how to use the SQL command EXPLAIN PLAN, and format its output.
This chapter describes the use of the SQL trace facility and TKPROF, two basic performance diagnostic tools which can help you monitor and tune applications that run against the Oracle Server.
This chapter provides an overview of Oracle Trace usage and describes the Oracle Trace initialization parameters.
This chapter describes how to register an application with the database and retrieve statistics on each registered module or code segment.
This section explains the conventions used in this manual including the following:
This section explains the conventions used within the text:
Uppercase text is used to call attention to command keywords, object names, parameters, filenames, and so on.
For example, "If you create a private rollback segment, the name must be included in the ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS parameter of the parameter file."
Italicized words within text are book titles or emphasized words.
The syntax diagrams and notation in this manual show the syntax for SQL commands, functions, hints, and other elements. This section tells you how to read syntax diagrams and examples and write SQL statements based on them.
Keywords are words that have special meanings in the SQL language. In the syntax diagrams in this manual, keywords appear in uppercase. You must use keywords in your SQL statements exactly as they appear in the syntax diagram, except that they can be either uppercase or lowercase. For example, you must use the CREATE keyword to begin your CREATE TABLE statements just as it appears in the CREATE TABLE syntax diagram.
Parameters act as place holders in syntax diagrams. They appear in lowercase. Parameters are usually names of database objects, Oracle datatype names, or expressions. When you see a parameter in a syntax diagram, substitute an object or expression of the appropriate type in your SQL statement. For example, to write a CREATE TABLE statement, use the name of the table you want to create, such as EMP, in place of the table parameter in the syntax diagram. Note that parameter names appear in italics in the text.
This list shows parameters that appear in the syntax diagrams in this manual and examples of the values you might substitute for them in your statements:
SQL and SQL*Plus commands and statements appear separated from the text of paragraphs in a monospaced font. For example:
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename) VALUES (1000, 'SMITH');
ALTER TABLESPACE users ADD DATAFILE 'users2.ora' SIZE 50K;
Example statements may include punctuation, such as commas or quotation marks. All punctuation in example statements is required. All example statements terminate with a semicolon (;). Depending on the application, a semicolon or other terminator may or may not be required to end a statement.
Uppercase words in example statements indicate the keywords within Oracle SQL. When you issue statements, however, keywords are not case sensitive.
Lowercase words in example statements indicate words supplied only for the context of the example. For example, lowercase words may indicate the name of a table, column, or file.
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Oracle8 Server Documentation Manager
Oracle Corporation
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